Question on: JAMB Physics - 2024

The land and sea breeze is primarily caused by convection.

• Convection: This is the process of heat transfer through the movement of fluids (in this case, air). The land heats up and cools down more quickly than the sea.
• Land Breeze: At night, the land cools faster, causing the air above it to cool and become denser. This denser air sinks, creating a high-pressure zone over the land. Meanwhile, the sea, which is warmer, causes the air above it to rise. This creates a low-pressure zone over the sea, and the air flows from the land (high pressure) to the sea (low pressure).
• Sea Breeze: During the day, the land heats up faster, causing the air above it to heat and rise. This creates a low-pressure zone over the land. The air over the cooler sea is denser, creating a high-pressure zone. The air then flows from the sea (high pressure) to the land (low pressure).

Conduction and radiation also play a role in heat transfer, but they are not the primary drivers of the land and sea breeze.