Light Energy II - JSS2 Basic science Past Questions and Answers - page 2

Light enters the eye through the cornea, then passes through the pupil, which adjusts its size to control the amount of light entering the eye. The lens of the eye further focuses the light onto the retina, where it triggers nerve impulses. These impulses are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve, where they are processed and interpreted to form images.

The order of colors in a rainbow, from outermost to innermost, is determined by the wavelengths of light. Red light has the longest wavelength and is on the outer edge of the rainbow, while violet light has the shortest wavelength and is on the inner edge. The order of colors in between follows the sequence of decreasing wavelength: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

Water droplets act like tiny prisms in the atmosphere, dispersing and refracting sunlight. When sunlight enters a water droplet, it is separated into its constituent colors due to dispersion, and then the different colors are refracted as they exit the droplet. This process happens millions of times within countless water droplets, resulting in the formation of a rainbow when the dispersed and refracted light reaches our eyes.